What is vibration testing?

Vibration testing refers to simulating a series of vibration phenomena to test whether a product can withstand the vibration environment test during transportation or use during its life cycle. It can also determine the requirements for product design and function.

What is the purpose of vibration testing?

There are many demands for vibration testing of electrical and electronic products, such as mobile phones, tablets, modules... The internal structures and devices are relatively precise, and the vibration environment has a greater impact on them. It is necessary to analyze and evaluate the reliability of the product in the vibration environment to ensure the product service life. Vibration testing is to confirm the reliability of the product, screen out defective products in advance before leaving the factory, and perform failure analysis on the defective products to improve the processing technology, strengthen the overall structural strength, and improve the overall quality of the product.

Why do vibration tests?
Electronic products will inevitably encounter vibration and collision during actual transportation and use. Therefore, vibration testing of products will be considered during product development and acceptance work. Vibration test analysis provides important test methods and means to verify product reliability and optimize product structure design in simulated environments.

What are the classifications of vibration tests?

Generally, it can be divided into two types, sinusoidal vibration and random vibration.

Sine vibration is a test method often used in laboratories to simulate vibrations caused by rotation, pulsation, and oscillation (occurring on ships, aircraft, vehicles, and space vehicles), as well as product structure resonance frequency analysis and resonance point residence verification. Mainly, it can be divided into two types: sweep frequency vibration and fixed frequency vibration. The sinusoidal vibration test generally tests the structural strength of the product and searches for the resonant frequency of the structure;

Random vibration simulates vibrations in which the instantaneous value cannot be determined at any time and the waveform changes irregularly over time encountered in the actual use or transportation of the product. The random vibration test can more truly reflect the vibration resistance performance of the product.

Mixed vibration is the superposition of general sinusoidal vibration and random vibration, and the vibration situation is more complex.

What parameters are included in the vibration test conditions?

Sinusoidal vibration is generally expressed as a sinusoidal time function, and the test conditions include

²Test frequency

²Test magnitude (i.e. acceleration amplitude)

²Scan speed

²Scan time

²Test direction

The motion law of random vibration cannot be correctly expressed as a function of time. It can only be expressed using statistical methods and described in the frequency domain. The test conditions generally include:

²Test frequency range (between the highest and lowest frequency)

²Power spectral density (energy distribution at unit frequency)

²Total rms acceleration (rms value of power spectral density)

²Test time

²Test direction

What are the common testing standards?

GB/T 2423.10-2019 "Environmental testing of electrical and electronic products Part 2: Test method Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)"

IEC 60068-2-6-2007 "Basic Environmental Test Procedures. Part 2: Test. Section 6: Test Fc: Vibration (Sine Wave)"

GB/T 2423.56 -2018 "Environmental Testing Part 2: Test Method Test Fh: Broadband Random Vibration and Guidelines"

IEC 60068-2-64:2008+A1:2019 "Environmental testing - Part 2 Section 64 Test method - Test fh vibration"

ISO 8318:2000 "Packaging. Full transport packages and unit loads. Sinusoidal vibration test using variable frequency"

GB/T 4857.10-2005 "Basic testing of packaging and transportation packages - Part 10: Sinusoidal variable frequency vibration test method"

GB/T 4857.23-2012 "Packaging Transport Packages Random Vibration Test Method"

GJB 150.16A-2009 "Military Equipment Laboratory Environmental Test Methods Part 16: Vibration Test"